Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images
Harabaye imyiyerekano y’urutavanako i Niamye isaba abasirikare b’Ubufaransa gukura meze
- Umwanditsi, Yusuf Akinpelu
- Igikorwa, West Africa Journalist
Ubufaransa bwabanje kwijijanya imitima igihe bwavuga ko bushobora gukura abasirikare babwo 1.500 muri Niger, inyuma y’amezi yo kudacana uwaka hagati y’ico gihugu n’akagwi k’abasirikare kigaruriye ubutegetsi mu kwezi kw’indwi.
Perezida Emmanuel Macron avuga ko iyo ngingo yafashwe kubera igisirikare kiri ku butegetsi muri Niger “kitakirajwe ishinga no kugwanya iterabwoba” mu gihe bakigize ingwati prezida Mohamed Bazoum, yemera ko ari we “mutegetsi wenyene” yemewe n’amategeko.
Harabaye ukwinubwa gukomeye ku Bufaransa kuva Bazoum akuwe ku butegetsi. Abari mu myiyerekano barugarije ikigo ca gisirikare c’Ubufaransa hamwe n’ubuserukizi bwabwo i Niamey ku mugwa mukuru.
Macron kandi yaratewe igitsure mu gihugu ciwe. Inama nshingamateka yaraganiriye ku kibazo co kumenya nimba ico gihugu kitakwiye kwihweza bushasha ibikorwa vyaco mu karere ka Sahel.
Niger n’igihugu ca gatatu cahoze gitwarwa n’Ubufaransa mu gihe c’ubukoloni mu karere ka Sahel kibayemwo itembagazwa ry’ubutegetsi ry’abasirikare, bakanasaba ko ingabo z’abafaransa zica zikura meza kuva mu 2020. Ibi bije bikurikira ivyabaye mu bihugu bibanyi vya Mali na Burkina Faso.
Abatembaje ubutegetsi bikitse inyuma y’agashavu gasanzwe kahari ko kugwanya Abafaransa kuva mu gihe c’Ubukoloni kabandanije no kugaragara mu migenderanire y’inyuma y’aho.
Muri Niger, ibivugwa ko presida Bazoum yari igikoresho c’inyungu z’Abafaransa, vyarakoreshejwe cane mu gusigura icatumye avanwa ku butegetsi. Amasezerano ya gisirikare atanu bagiranye n’Ubufaransa yarafuswe n’abasirikare bari ku butegetsi barongowe na Jenerali Abdourahmane Tchiani.
Ubukana bw’amajambo akoreshwa n’abasirikare batembaje ubutegetsi mu kwiyamiriza Abafaransa, bwatumye bidakunda ko abasirikare b’ico gihugu boguma muri Niger nk’uko bivugwa na Bram Posthumus, umuhinga w’akarere ka Sahel muri Afrika.
Agira ati:”Babikoze ku gahato, ni ingingo yo kwikurayo. Uko biri kwose iyi ngingo yotegerejwe gufatwa. Ariko Ubufaransa bwashatse ko ari bwo buyifata itavuye ku butegetsi bwa Niger.”
Benshi muri Niger barashavujwe n’inyifato y’Ubufaransa ku basirikare bafashe ubutegetsi.
Bavuga ko inyifato y’Ubufaransa itandukanye n’iyo bwagize muri Gabon no muri Tchad, ikindi gihugu cahoze gitwarwa n’Ubufaransa, mu 2021.
Uku kutagira inyifato imwe kwatumye haba agashavu ko kwiyamiriza Ubufaransa mu gihugu ca Niger hose, nk’uko bivugwa na Abdoulaye Amadou, umwigisha w’idini rya Islam ku mugwa mukuru Niamey.
Agira ati: “Kubera iki ubu Macron avuga ko atemera abategetsi bacu? Igihe yemera abandi batembagaje ubutegetsi mu bindi bihugu nka Gabon na Tchad, ivyo ni vyo vyadushavuje, kandi twibaza ko Ubufaransa budufata nk’ibijuju”.
Ingabo z’Ubufaransa zari muri Niger zirongoye amakungu mu gikorwa co kugwanya imihari yiyitirira idini rya Islam mu karere ka Sahel.
Ariko, n’aho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwinshi n’igitigiri kinini c’abasirikare, urwo runani rurongowe n’Ubufaransa rwarananiwe, uturere twinshi turacagenzurwa n’intagondwa.
Mu gihe ibikorwa vya gisirikare vy’Ubufaransa bitashoboye kugabanya ibitero vy’abitwaza idini rya Islam, bisobora kuba vyaragarukanye agahengwe muri ako karere, nk’uko bivugwa na Bram Posthmus.
Mu mwaka uheze, abapfuye bazira ibitero vy’iterabwoba baragabanutse gushika ku bice 79%. Ariko ntihagaragara urugero abasirikare b’Ubufaransa babigizemwo uruhara, abaraba ibintu n’ibindibakaba batinya ko ingorane za politike zishobora gusuziza inyuma iyi ntambwe.
Muri Mali na Burkina Faso, abasirikare bari ku butegetsi barajwe ishinga no kwikingira, inkurikizi z’avyo n’uko ibitero bikomeye vyongerekanye. Abaraba ibintu n’ibindi babona ko ibintu nk’ivyo bishobora gushika no muri Niger.
Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images
Abari mu myiyerekano barugarije ikambi y’ingabo z’abafaransa n’ubuserukizi bw’ico gihugu
Niger iramaze kubamwo ukwiyongera kw’ibitero ku birindiro vya gisirikare no ku basivile hirya no hino mu gihugu mu ndwi nkeya inyuma y’itembagazwa ry’ubutegetsi, cane cane mu karere ka Tillabéri kegereye urubibe ico gihugu gihana na Burkina Faso.
Ikura meza ry’abasirikare b’Ubufaransa risize igihengeri imigwi yitwaza iterabwoba n’iyindi migwi yitwaje ibigwanisho yiteze guca icokeramwo, nk’uko bivugwa na Posthumus.
Agira ati: “Ivyo mwabonye muri Mali, ni vyo mugiye kubona muri Niger kuko igisirikare nta nguvu gifise co gukingira uturere twose tw’ivyo bihugu binini cane.”
Uko kudashobora gukingira utwo turere bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bikorwa vyo kwimba ubutare, cane cane mu mitumba ya kure hagati mu gihugu.
Mu myaka cumi iheze, Kazakhstan conyene (27%) ni co cashoye ubutare bwa Uranium bwinshi mu Bufaransa gusumvya Niger (20%). Ubwo butare bukoreshwa mu nguvu za nikleyeri (nucléaire/nuclear), aho umuyagankuba ugera ku bice 70% mu Bufaransa wamuka ngaho.
Ariko ubwoba bw’uko hashobora kuboneka ubwo butare nk’uko vyahora bwacurehejwe mu ntango z’uku kwezi.
Ishirahamwe Areva ry’Ubufaransa, ryimba ubutare mu gisagara ca Airlt, muburaruko bushira uburengero bwa Niger, rivuga ko ibikorwa vyaryo bizobandanya, uko bimeze kwose muri Niger.
Posthumus avuga ko abasirikare bari kubutegetsi bashobora gusubira kwumvikana ku masezerano mashasha. Yongerako ko abashobora kwungukira kuri uko gukorana ari ahanini abanye politike hakuba abasivile basanzwe.
Ubutunzi bwinshi bw’igitoro na Uranium nta co burahindura kw’iterambere ry’abanyagihugu ba Niger imiliyoni 25. Abarenga 40% baba mu bukene mu gihe ico gihugu kiri mu kibanza ca 189 kuri 191 ku rutonde rwa Onu rwerekeye iterambere ry’abantu kw’isi.
Hagati aho, n’aho Mali na Burkina Faso vyasavye ingabo zo hanze kuva muri ivyo bihugu, Niger ntiyasavye abasirikare ba Amerika barenga 1000 gukura meza.
Ibi biha akaryo abasirikare bari ku butegetsi muri Niger kudashoka bagiriranira ubucuti n’Uburusiya, n’aho bagiriraniye amasezerano ya gisirikare na bagenzi babo bacuditse n’Uburusiya bo muri Mali na Burkina Faso.
Abaraba ibintu n’ibindi bavuga ko kugabanya igihagararo c’Ubufaransa muri Niger bitazotuma ubwo nyene haboneka agahengwe muri politike.
Mu myaka irenga mirongo ibiri iri imbere, abategetsi bashasha ba gisirikare bashobora kuvuga ko ari ngombwa ko ko ibihugu vyabo vyigobotora “mu vyara vy’Uburusiya” mu gusigura igituma bafashe ubutegetsi.
