Meta’s (META) third-quarter numbers demonstrated strength on all fronts: user growth, engagement, and monetisation with a leaner operation. The Reels segment keeps attracting advertisers, and its impact on Meta’s advertising revenue is now neutral, unlike its past negative effect. The impressive results also displayed Meta’s success at creating better tools for data analytics, campaign planning, and measurement using artificial intelligence.
While we remain confident about a soft landing in the economy, we were a bit concerned that higher spending by Chinese businesses was a primary driver of growth in ad revenue. This adds geopolitical risk, given the questions surrounding the China/United States relationship, which could affect product shipments and thereby lower ad demand. However, we also think Meta’s strong network effect will keep attracting direct-response ads, which are affected a bit less by economic instability and geopolitical issues.
Given Meta’s impressive operating efficiency in the third quarter (which the firm expects will continue into 2024) and our expectation of average revenue growth in the low double digits during the next five years, we have slightly upped our fair value estimate to $322 from $311. The stock remains fairly valued.
Key Morningstar Metrics for Meta Platforms
• Fair Value Estimate: $322.00
• Morningstar Rating: 3 stars
• Morningstar Economic Moat Rating: Wide
• Morningstar Uncertainty Rating: High
Fair Value Estimate for Meta Stock
With its 3-star rating, we believe Meta’s stock is slightly overvalued compared with our long-term fair value estimate.
Our fair value estimate is $322 per share, representing an enterprise value of 11 times our 2024 adjusted EBITDA projection. We have modelled 10% average annual growth over the next five years. As the firm’s increasing efficiency as a result of its restructuring will more than offset its plans to further invest in research and development, content creation, data security, and virtual/augmented reality offerings (or metaverse), we see average operating margin improving in 2023 through 2027. We expect an average operating margin of 36% during the next five years, above the previous three years’ 34%.
Meta’s revenue growth will be driven primarily by online advertising and the increasing allocation of dollars toward mobile, video, and social network ads. We expect solid 15.0% growth in 2023 ad revenue, followed by 10.4% growth in 2024, assuming an economic rebound and increase in Reels monetisation. We expect Meta’s monthly active users to grow about 2% annually, mainly due to growth in Asia and the “rest of the world” geographies. We also assume a deceleration in overall advertising revenue per user growth to 6% per year over the next five years, down from the average of 14% seen over the past five years.
Economic Moat Rating
We assign Meta a wide moat based on network effects around its massive user base and intangible assets consisting of a vast collection of data that users have shared on its various sites and apps. Given its ability to profitably monetise its network via advertising, we think Meta will more likely than not generate excess returns on capital over the next 20 years.
Now that Meta has emerged as the clear-cut social media leader, we believe its offerings—consisting mainly of Facebook, Instagram, Messenger, and WhatsApp—have strengthened the firm’s network effects, wherein all these platforms become more valuable to its users as additional people join and use them. These network effects serve to both create barriers to success for new social network upstarts and barriers to exit for existing users, who might leave behind friends, contacts, pictures, memories, and more by departing to alternative platforms.
Meta has developed additional intangible assets. The firm has accumulated data about everyone with a Facebook and/or Instagram account: their demographic information, what and who they like and dislike, what topics and/or news events are of interest to them, and more. Thanks to Facebook Login, without the need for cookies, the firm knows users’ browsing histories on many outside sites and apps. With access to such data, along with billions of photos and videos uploaded by users, Facebook continues to enhance the social network by offering even more relevant content. This virtuous cycle further increases the value of its data asset, which only Meta and its advertising partners can monetise.
In our opinion, with this type of information about each one of Facebook’s nearly 3 billion monthly active users, Meta provides unique and attractive advertising opportunities for advertisers and businesses, which will allow the firm to generate excess returns on capital over time.
Read more about Meta’s moat rating.
Risk and Uncertainty
We believe that while barriers to exit for the nearly 3 billion users may be increasing, the risk remains of another disruptive and innovative technology (most recently TikTok) coming onto the scene and luring users away from Meta and its apps. We do not expect competition in the form of a substitute for Meta, as most consumers use more than one social network. However, given the fixed number of hours per day, an increase in usage and engagement on one network could come at a cost to others, reducing engagement and the potential return on investment for advertisers.
Furthermore, even with Meta’s dominant position in the social network market, its high dependence on the continuing growth of online advertising could heighten the negative impact of a lengthy downturn in online ad spending, resulting in a much lower fair value estimate.
The firm’s high dependence on user behavioural data also represents an environmental, social, and governance risk. Regulatory agencies around the world could impose limitations on what data Meta can compile and how it can be utilised. Lack of data privacy and security could negatively affect users as well.
Read more about Meta’s risk and uncertainty.
META Bulls Say
• With more users and usage time than any other social network, Meta provides the largest audience and the most valuable data for social network online advertising.
• Meta’s ad revenue per user is growing, demonstrating the value that advertisers see in working with the firm.
• The application of AI technology to Meta’s various offerings, along with the launch of VR products, will increase user engagement, driving further growth in advertising revenue.
META Bears Say
• Meta is currently a one-trick pony, and it will be severely affected if online advertising no longer grows or if more advertising dollars shift to other companies like Google or Snap.
• Despite rapid user growth, many of Meta’s customers may also belong to other social networks, such as Snapchat or TikTok, so the firm must continually fight to capture users’ time and engagement.
• Regulations could emerge that limit the application and collection of user and usage data, or restrict acquisitions, affecting data utilisation and growth.
